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The field of financial analysis is broad, casting a wide net that covers dozens of individual job titles and duties. Some professionals in the field simply call themselves financial analysts, while others perform their duties under a host of related titles, such as equity analyst, risk manager, ratings analyst, portfolio manager and fund manager. The above professionals are all financial analysts, but what they do on a day-to-day basis differs based on the specific subsection of financial analysis in which they work.
Often, people fail to understand the diversity of financial analysts. Their vision of the career is myopic, focusing only on the equity analysts who work for the big investment banks and help large corporate clients make investing decisions, or assist the banks themselves with evaluating the potential of companies wishing to go public. While these jobs comprise a sizable portion of the field, financial analysis is so much more.
Failing to appreciate the breadth of the field is one of the many usual misconceptions about financial analysts. The following list reveals the most common things people erroneously believe to be true about financial analysts.
Financial Analysts all Work for Big Investment Banks
For many people, the term financial analyst reflexively calls to mind a Wall Street professional in a three-piece suit working 80 hours per week or more poring over financial statements of various companies to make buy and sell recommendations to his boss. In fact, the Wall Street image is an accurate one, but only for a specific type of financial analyst. This professional is known as an equity analyst. Equity analysts examine data in the equity, or stock, markets and attempt to spot trends and make projections on which their employers can base investing decisions.
Equity analysts can work on the buy side or the sell side. Buy-side analysts report to fund managers and examine potential investment opportunities. They collect financial statements and other market data to make predictions as to which companies in the market represent the best investment opportunities. They prepare reports featuring detailed quantitative analysis to support their conclusions.
Sell-side analysts help investment banks determine which companies to take public. Taking a company public means brokering the sale of equity in the company to the public through an initial public offering (IPO). Some IPOs are wildly successful, while others become remarkable disasters where the company implodes soon afterward. The sell-side equity analyst breaks down financial data from prospective IPO opportunities to help his employer locate future successes and avoid failures.
